@article{75b0aba9d8cc4995a263d0fe523a0a0d,
title = "Using chorioallantoic membranes for non-lethal assessment of persistent organic pollutant exposure and effect in oviparous wildlife",
abstract = "David Peakall and co-workers pioneered innovative approaches that utilized extra-embryonic membranes to assess accumulation of organochlorine pesticides in eggs. This technique provided the foundation for an entire line of research to improve non-lethal methods for assessing contaminant exposure in oviparous wildlife. Currently, analysis of chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) provides predictable estimates of chlorinated contaminant presence in eggs and in maternal tissues. Field studies have been conducted with herons, stilts, alligators, crocodiles, and sea turtles. Controlled dose-response studies have been completed in chickens. The following manuscript presents the foundations for the CAM approach and a review of research findings involving this technique.",
keywords = "CAM, Eggs, Organochlorine compounds, POP",
author = "Cobb, {George P.} and Bargar, {Tim A.} and Pepper, {Chris B.} and Norman, {Don M.} and Houlis, {Pattie D.} and Anderson, {Todd A.}",
note = "Funding Information: Scores of colleagues participated in this research in some fashion and numerous funding agencies supported our research. We would particularly like to acknowledge the contributions of the following persons or organizations. Ron Kendall obtained the initial funding for heron research. David Peakall encouraged Don Norman in his pursuit of the initial research into non-lethal monitoring of contaminants in herons. Tom Murphy of the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources provided all alligator eggs for this project. Virginia Waldrop, Francis Harper and M. Warren Miller provided valuable assistance in analytical procedures. The US Fish and Wildlife Service and the Washington Department of Wildlife provided funding for initial and most recent heron research. Funding for the hazardous waste site assessments was provided by The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grant ES04696). The US Navy provided the funding for studies at Whidbey Island and Larry Brewer assisted colony monitoring. ECORISK Inc. provided support for the studies conducted in South Carolina. The South Carolina Hazardous Waste Management Research Fund provided funds that were used in analytical method development for portions of this project. Through a grant from The South Carolina Research and Education Foundation, The South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics supported Michael O'Quinn's participation in initial reptile projects. The USFWS provided funding for the evaluation of PCB occurrence in stilts and herons. The Lamani Field Research Center provided logistical support and accommodations in Belize. Support for crocodile research was also provided through the US EPA (Grant No. R826310 awarded to Dr. Scott McMurry).",
year = "2003",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1023/A:1022532711353",
language = "English",
volume = "12",
pages = "31--45",
journal = "Ecotoxicology",
issn = "0963-9292",
number = "1-4",
}