TY - JOUR
T1 - Uptake and elimination of perchlorate in eastern mosquitofish
AU - Bradford, Carrie M.
AU - Park, June Woo
AU - Rinchard, Jacques
AU - Anderson, Todd A.
AU - Liu, Fujun
AU - Theodorakis, Christopher W.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank E. Cruz-Li, M. Wainscott, E. Galo, J. Canas, S. Williams, M. Landrum, L. Yu, and B. Adair for technical assistance. This research was supported in part by the US Department of Defense contract GUI 141, through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) under a Cooperative Agreement IERA-99-001 with the USAF, Institute for Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health, Brooks AFB, TX. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the 311 HSW/AFIERA or the US Government. Portions of this work were presented at the 24th annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2003, Salt Lake City, UT.
PY - 2006/6
Y1 - 2006/6
N2 - The purpose of this study was to investigate the uptake and elimination of perchlorate in eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki). Fish were exposed to 0.1-1000 mg/l sodium perchlorate for 12 h, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 30 days, and perchlorate was determined in whole body extracts. Perchlorate was not detected in mosquitofish exposed to the low concentrations of perchlorate (0, 0.1, and 1 mg/l sodium perchlorate), regardless of the exposure time, whereas it was detected when fish were exposed to 10, 100, and 1000 mg/l. The tissue concentrations were approximately 10 times less than that in the water. There was no difference in the uptake of perchlorate depending upon the exposure time, however, a difference in perchlorate uptake depending upon the concentration of the exposure dose (P < 0.001) was observed. Uptake (Ku) and elimination (Ke) rate constants were 0.09 l/mg day and 0.70 day-1, respectively. The half-life (T1/2) of perchlorate was 0.99 day. Thus, it appears that perchlorate is rapidly taken up and eliminated in eastern mosquitofish. These results are critical and may be used to develop models of fate, effects, and transport of perchlorate in natural systems, as well as to assess ecological risk in affected ecosystems.
AB - The purpose of this study was to investigate the uptake and elimination of perchlorate in eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki). Fish were exposed to 0.1-1000 mg/l sodium perchlorate for 12 h, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 30 days, and perchlorate was determined in whole body extracts. Perchlorate was not detected in mosquitofish exposed to the low concentrations of perchlorate (0, 0.1, and 1 mg/l sodium perchlorate), regardless of the exposure time, whereas it was detected when fish were exposed to 10, 100, and 1000 mg/l. The tissue concentrations were approximately 10 times less than that in the water. There was no difference in the uptake of perchlorate depending upon the exposure time, however, a difference in perchlorate uptake depending upon the concentration of the exposure dose (P < 0.001) was observed. Uptake (Ku) and elimination (Ke) rate constants were 0.09 l/mg day and 0.70 day-1, respectively. The half-life (T1/2) of perchlorate was 0.99 day. Thus, it appears that perchlorate is rapidly taken up and eliminated in eastern mosquitofish. These results are critical and may be used to develop models of fate, effects, and transport of perchlorate in natural systems, as well as to assess ecological risk in affected ecosystems.
KW - Body burden
KW - Fish
KW - Thyroid disruptor
KW - Toxicokinetics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33646399185&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.08.073
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.08.073
M3 - Article
C2 - 16303168
AN - SCOPUS:33646399185
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 63
SP - 1591
EP - 1597
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
IS - 9
ER -