@article{0e79ea21960d4320a232024181cd5253,
title = "Universal patterns of radio-frequency heating in nanomaterial-loaded structures",
abstract = "Here we report radio frequency (RF) heating patterns that may be generalized across a wide range of nanomaterial-loaded materials. We used experiments and simulation to show that the heating rates are non-monotonically related with the conductivity of the materials. A major finding is that the maximum heating rate occurs at an optimum DC surface conductivity that is the same for thin films made using carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, and laser-induced graphene. We also determine that this maximum heating is closely associated with the percolation threshold in a given structure. We show similar patterns for nano-filled thick thermoplastic parts as well. These findings can be used to optimize RF heating by tuning the bulk dielectric properties of the nanomaterial structures. Optimization of RF heating would lead to enhanced efficiency in RF-based material processing techniques being developed for automotive, aerospace, and additive manufacturing industries.",
keywords = "Carbon nanotube, Composite, Conductivity, Graphene, Heating, Radio frequency",
author = "Muhammad Anas and Mustafa, {Mazin M.} and Aniruddh Vashisth and Eftihia Barnes and Saed, {Mohammad A.} and Moores, {Lee C.} and Green, {Micah J.}",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge Anubhav Sarmah for help with conductivity measurements of CNT films, Ju Hyun Oh for help with conductivity measurements of CNS-PC composites. We acknowledge Materials Characterization Facility (MCF) at TAMU for help with SEM characterization. We also acknowledge Cabot Corporation for supplying their novel carbon nanostructures-polycarbonate composite samples. This work was supported by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) under contract number W912HZ-18-BAA-01 and project numbers 480351 and 484234 under the Military Engineering and Installations and Operational Environment Technical Programs, respectively. Permission to publish this work was granted by the Chief of Engineers. Use of any product, trade, or firm names in this report is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. L.C. Moores and E. Barnes acknowledge C.D. Price, J.S. Furey, and S.G. Wood for their internal review of the manuscript prior to publication. Funding Information: We acknowledge Anubhav Sarmah for help with conductivity measurements of CNT films, Ju Hyun Oh for help with conductivity measurements of CNS-PC composites. We acknowledge Materials Characterization Facility (MCF) at TAMU for help with SEM characterization. We also acknowledge Cabot Corporation for supplying their novel carbon nanostructures-polycarbonate composite samples. This work was supported by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) under contract number W912HZ-18-BAA-01 and project numbers 480351 and 484234 under the Military Engineering and Installations and Operational Environment Technical Programs, respectively. Permission to publish this work was granted by the Chief of Engineers. Use of any product, trade, or firm names in this report is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. L.C. Moores and E. Barnes acknowledge C.D. Price, J.S. Furey, and S.G. Wood for their internal review of the manuscript prior to publication. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2021",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101044",
language = "English",
volume = "23",
journal = "Applied Materials Today",
issn = "2352-9407",
}