TY - GEN
T1 - Traffic Stops in the Age of Autonomous Vehicles
AU - Pearl, Tracy Hresko
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Autonomous vehicles have profound implications for laws governing police, searches and seizures, and privacy. Complicating matters, manufacturers are developing these vehicles at varying rates. Each level of vehicle automation, in turn, poses unique issues for law enforcement. Semi-autonomous (Levels 2 and 3) vehicles make it extremely difficult for police to distinguish between dangerous distracted driving and safe use of a vehicle’s autonomous capabilities. Fully autonomous (Level 4 and 5) vehicles solve this problem but create a new one: the ability of criminals to use these vehicles to break the law with a low risk of detection. How and whether we solve these legal and law enforcement issues depends on the willingness of nations to adapt legal doctrines. This article explores the implications of autonomous vehicle stops and six possible solutions including: (1) restrictions on visibility obstructions, (2) restrictions on the use and purchase of fully autonomous vehicles, (3) laws requiring that users provide implied consent for suspicion-less traffic stops and searches, (4) creation of government checkpoints or pull-offs requiring autonomous vehicles to submit to brief stops and dog sniffs, (5) surveillance of data generated by these vehicles, and (6) opting to do nothing and allowing the coming changes to recalibrate the existing balance between law enforcement and citizens.
AB - Autonomous vehicles have profound implications for laws governing police, searches and seizures, and privacy. Complicating matters, manufacturers are developing these vehicles at varying rates. Each level of vehicle automation, in turn, poses unique issues for law enforcement. Semi-autonomous (Levels 2 and 3) vehicles make it extremely difficult for police to distinguish between dangerous distracted driving and safe use of a vehicle’s autonomous capabilities. Fully autonomous (Level 4 and 5) vehicles solve this problem but create a new one: the ability of criminals to use these vehicles to break the law with a low risk of detection. How and whether we solve these legal and law enforcement issues depends on the willingness of nations to adapt legal doctrines. This article explores the implications of autonomous vehicle stops and six possible solutions including: (1) restrictions on visibility obstructions, (2) restrictions on the use and purchase of fully autonomous vehicles, (3) laws requiring that users provide implied consent for suspicion-less traffic stops and searches, (4) creation of government checkpoints or pull-offs requiring autonomous vehicles to submit to brief stops and dog sniffs, (5) surveillance of data generated by these vehicles, and (6) opting to do nothing and allowing the coming changes to recalibrate the existing balance between law enforcement and citizens.
KW - Autonomous vehicles
KW - Law & technology
KW - Traffic stops
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138731254&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_7
DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-16474-3_7
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85138731254
SN - 9783031164736
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 74
EP - 84
BT - Progress in Artificial Intelligence - 21st EPIA Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2022, Proceedings
A2 - Marreiros, Goreti
A2 - Martins, Bruno
A2 - Paiva, Ana
A2 - Sardinha, Alberto
A2 - Ribeiro, Bernardete
PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
T2 - 21st EPIA Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2022
Y2 - 31 August 2022 through 2 September 2022
ER -