TY - JOUR
T1 - Time domain dielectric spectroscopy measurements of HL-60 cell suspensions after microsecond and nanosecond electrical pulses
AU - Garner, Allen L.
AU - Chen, Nianyong
AU - Yang, Jing
AU - Kolb, Juergen
AU - Swanson, R. James
AU - Loftin, Karin C.
AU - Beebe, Stephen J.
AU - Joshi, Ravindra P.
AU - Schoenbach, Karl H.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received November 3, 2003; revised June 9, 2004. This work was supported in part by an AFOSR DOD MURI grant on Subcellular Response to Narrow Band and Wide Band Radio Frequency Radiation, administered by Old Dominion University, and in part by an AFOSR grant on bioinspired concepts.
PY - 2004/10
Y1 - 2004/10
N2 - Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) above a certain voltage threshold cause electroporation for microsecond pulses and intracellular effects for submicrosecond pulses. Models describing these effects often depend on the electrical properties of the cell, which are altered by the PEF. We used time domain dielectric spectroscopy to provide data for these models and to measure effects on cell suspension conductivity. We applied single 50-μs and 10-ns pulses to HL-60 cells, with the voltages chosen so the pulses have approximately the same energy. For 1.1-kV/cm, 50-μs pulses, the conductivity rose within a minute after the pulse and dropped dramatically approximately 40 min after the pulse. For 78-kV/cm, 10-ns pulses, we observed a brief delay prior to the conductivity rise and noted the same drop in conductivity after approximately 40 min. For both pulse durations, higher voltages frequently led to membrane poration followed by a gradual recovery approximately 30-40 min after the pulse. For 2-kV/cm, 50-μs pulses, we observed significantly more scatter in Trypan Blue uptake measurements due to stronger effects on the cell membrane. By using a cell model, we showed that a 50-μs pulse caused a much larger rise in membrane conductivity than a 10-ns pulse of the same energy.
AB - Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) above a certain voltage threshold cause electroporation for microsecond pulses and intracellular effects for submicrosecond pulses. Models describing these effects often depend on the electrical properties of the cell, which are altered by the PEF. We used time domain dielectric spectroscopy to provide data for these models and to measure effects on cell suspension conductivity. We applied single 50-μs and 10-ns pulses to HL-60 cells, with the voltages chosen so the pulses have approximately the same energy. For 1.1-kV/cm, 50-μs pulses, the conductivity rose within a minute after the pulse and dropped dramatically approximately 40 min after the pulse. For 78-kV/cm, 10-ns pulses, we observed a brief delay prior to the conductivity rise and noted the same drop in conductivity after approximately 40 min. For both pulse durations, higher voltages frequently led to membrane poration followed by a gradual recovery approximately 30-40 min after the pulse. For 2-kV/cm, 50-μs pulses, we observed significantly more scatter in Trypan Blue uptake measurements due to stronger effects on the cell membrane. By using a cell model, we showed that a 50-μs pulse caused a much larger rise in membrane conductivity than a 10-ns pulse of the same energy.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=7744227905&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835973
DO - 10.1109/TPS.2004.835973
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:7744227905
VL - 32
SP - 2073
EP - 2084
JO - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
SN - 0093-3813
IS - 5 II
ER -