Synthesis and cetane improver performance of fatty acid glycol nitrates

G. J. Suppes; Zhi Chen; Ying Rui; M. Mason; J. A. Heppert

doi:10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00126-4

Synthesis and cetane improver performance of fatty acid glycol nitrates

G. J. Suppes, Zhi Chen, Ying Rui, M. Mason, J. A. Heppert

Research and Innovation

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Triglycerides are renewable chemical feedstocks available from avariety of resources, induding vegetable oils, tall oils and beef or pork fat. Chemical synthesis methods, reaction conversions and performances of a series of organic acid glycol nitrates were investigated to evaluate the viability of converting triglycerides into nitrates for use as cetane improvers. Organic add glycol nitrates were synthesized from five acids ranging from C₆ to C₁₈ to determine the impact of the acids carbon number and degree of saturation on performance as a cetane improver. Chemical synthesis included acid catalyzed esterification of organic adds with ethylene glycol followed by nitration of the terminal alcohol group to form fatty add glycol nitrates. Fatty add glycol nitrates with carbon numbers between 8 and 14 exhibited the best performance - a balance between high carbon numbers and high nitrate group concentration. All the nitrates provided good cetane improving capabilities.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	73-81
Number of pages	9
Journal	Fuel
Volume	78
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00126-4
State	Published - 1999

Keywords

Cetane improvers
Fatty acid
Glycol nitrates

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10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00126-4

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title = "Synthesis and cetane improver performance of fatty acid glycol nitrates",

abstract = "Triglycerides are renewable chemical feedstocks available from avariety of resources, induding vegetable oils, tall oils and beef or pork fat. Chemical synthesis methods, reaction conversions and performances of a series of organic acid glycol nitrates were investigated to evaluate the viability of converting triglycerides into nitrates for use as cetane improvers. Organic add glycol nitrates were synthesized from five acids ranging from C6 to C18 to determine the impact of the acids carbon number and degree of saturation on performance as a cetane improver. Chemical synthesis included acid catalyzed esterification of organic adds with ethylene glycol followed by nitration of the terminal alcohol group to form fatty add glycol nitrates. Fatty add glycol nitrates with carbon numbers between 8 and 14 exhibited the best performance - a balance between high carbon numbers and high nitrate group concentration. All the nitrates provided good cetane improving capabilities.",

keywords = "Cetane improvers, Fatty acid, Glycol nitrates",

author = "Suppes, {G. J.} and Zhi Chen and Ying Rui and M. Mason and Heppert, {J. A.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Kansas Soybean Commission, the Kansas Value Added Center and the NRI Competitive Grants Program/USDA award number 97-35504-4244. Diesel Technology has donated several of the injectors used in these studies. Funding from The University of Kansas was also provided through the New Faculty Award, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and the Energy Research Center. Mike Hiskey of Los Alamos National Laboratory provided extremely helpful consulting on nitration chemistry.",

year = "1999",

doi = "10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00126-4",

language = "English",

volume = "78",

pages = "73--81",

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T1 - Synthesis and cetane improver performance of fatty acid glycol nitrates

AU - Suppes, G. J.

AU - Chen, Zhi

AU - Rui, Ying

AU - Mason, M.

AU - Heppert, J. A.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Kansas Soybean Commission, the Kansas Value Added Center and the NRI Competitive Grants Program/USDA award number 97-35504-4244. Diesel Technology has donated several of the injectors used in these studies. Funding from The University of Kansas was also provided through the New Faculty Award, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and the Energy Research Center. Mike Hiskey of Los Alamos National Laboratory provided extremely helpful consulting on nitration chemistry.

PY - 1999

Y1 - 1999

N2 - Triglycerides are renewable chemical feedstocks available from avariety of resources, induding vegetable oils, tall oils and beef or pork fat. Chemical synthesis methods, reaction conversions and performances of a series of organic acid glycol nitrates were investigated to evaluate the viability of converting triglycerides into nitrates for use as cetane improvers. Organic add glycol nitrates were synthesized from five acids ranging from C6 to C18 to determine the impact of the acids carbon number and degree of saturation on performance as a cetane improver. Chemical synthesis included acid catalyzed esterification of organic adds with ethylene glycol followed by nitration of the terminal alcohol group to form fatty add glycol nitrates. Fatty add glycol nitrates with carbon numbers between 8 and 14 exhibited the best performance - a balance between high carbon numbers and high nitrate group concentration. All the nitrates provided good cetane improving capabilities.

AB - Triglycerides are renewable chemical feedstocks available from avariety of resources, induding vegetable oils, tall oils and beef or pork fat. Chemical synthesis methods, reaction conversions and performances of a series of organic acid glycol nitrates were investigated to evaluate the viability of converting triglycerides into nitrates for use as cetane improvers. Organic add glycol nitrates were synthesized from five acids ranging from C6 to C18 to determine the impact of the acids carbon number and degree of saturation on performance as a cetane improver. Chemical synthesis included acid catalyzed esterification of organic adds with ethylene glycol followed by nitration of the terminal alcohol group to form fatty add glycol nitrates. Fatty add glycol nitrates with carbon numbers between 8 and 14 exhibited the best performance - a balance between high carbon numbers and high nitrate group concentration. All the nitrates provided good cetane improving capabilities.

KW - Cetane improvers

KW - Fatty acid

KW - Glycol nitrates

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DO - 10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00126-4

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VL - 78

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JO - Fuel

JF - Fuel

IS - 1

ER -

Synthesis and cetane improver performance of fatty acid glycol nitrates

Abstract

Keywords

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