TY - JOUR
T1 - Shade and water misting effects on behavior, physiology, performance, and carcass traits of heat-stressed feedlot cattle
AU - Mitlöhner, F. M.
AU - Morrow, J. L.
AU - Dailey, J. W.
AU - Wilson, S. C.
AU - Galyean, M. L.
AU - Miller, M. F.
AU - McGlone, J. J.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - One hundred twelve crossbred feedlot heifers were used in two experiments to assess the impact of heat stress and its relief by shade and(or) water misting on behavior, physiology, performance, and carcass traits. Treatments were 1) no shading or misting (CONT); 2) only misting (MIST); 3) only shading (SHADE); and 4) shading plus misting (SHMI). Head in the feed bunk, head in or above the waterer, walking, standing, and lying behaviors were observed. Rectal temperature, respiration rate, and carcass traits were measured, as well as DMI, ADG, and feedrgain. Dietary NEm and NEg concentrations were calculated from performance data. In Exp. 1, (32 heifers; average BW 288 kg) the CONT heifers spent more time lying down than all others (P < 0.01). In addition, CONT heifers spent less time (P < 0.01) standing than SHADE and MIST heifers. Misting decreased (P < 0.01) rectal temperature and MIST as well as SHADE lowered (P < 0.05) respiration rates. In Exp. 2 (80 heifers; average BW = 336 kg), lying and walking behaviors did not differ amongtreatments, but shade increased (P < 0.01) standing behavior in heifers. The MIST cattle performed less (P < 0.05) head-above-waterer behavior than unmisted cattle. Rectal temperatures did not differ among treatments, but respiration rate was lower in shaded than in unshaded heifers (P < 0.05). Shaded compared with unshaded heifers had greater DMI (9.46 vs 8.80 ± 0.14 kg/d, P < 0.01) and ADG (1.6 vs 1.41 ± 0.1 kg/d, P < 0.01). Heifers provided with shade reached their target BW 20 d earlier than the unshaded heifers and differed in final BW (547 vs 520 ± 6 kg, P < 0.01). Feedrgain and calculated NEg and NEm concentrations did not differ among treatments, and carcass traits were generally similar among treatments. In conclusion, cattle without shade had a physiological and behavioral stress response to heat that negatively affected productivity. Providing shade for beef cattle was a suitable solution to decrease heat stress and to lower the negative effects of heat on performance, whereas misting was largely ineffective.
AB - One hundred twelve crossbred feedlot heifers were used in two experiments to assess the impact of heat stress and its relief by shade and(or) water misting on behavior, physiology, performance, and carcass traits. Treatments were 1) no shading or misting (CONT); 2) only misting (MIST); 3) only shading (SHADE); and 4) shading plus misting (SHMI). Head in the feed bunk, head in or above the waterer, walking, standing, and lying behaviors were observed. Rectal temperature, respiration rate, and carcass traits were measured, as well as DMI, ADG, and feedrgain. Dietary NEm and NEg concentrations were calculated from performance data. In Exp. 1, (32 heifers; average BW 288 kg) the CONT heifers spent more time lying down than all others (P < 0.01). In addition, CONT heifers spent less time (P < 0.01) standing than SHADE and MIST heifers. Misting decreased (P < 0.01) rectal temperature and MIST as well as SHADE lowered (P < 0.05) respiration rates. In Exp. 2 (80 heifers; average BW = 336 kg), lying and walking behaviors did not differ amongtreatments, but shade increased (P < 0.01) standing behavior in heifers. The MIST cattle performed less (P < 0.05) head-above-waterer behavior than unmisted cattle. Rectal temperatures did not differ among treatments, but respiration rate was lower in shaded than in unshaded heifers (P < 0.05). Shaded compared with unshaded heifers had greater DMI (9.46 vs 8.80 ± 0.14 kg/d, P < 0.01) and ADG (1.6 vs 1.41 ± 0.1 kg/d, P < 0.01). Heifers provided with shade reached their target BW 20 d earlier than the unshaded heifers and differed in final BW (547 vs 520 ± 6 kg, P < 0.01). Feedrgain and calculated NEg and NEm concentrations did not differ among treatments, and carcass traits were generally similar among treatments. In conclusion, cattle without shade had a physiological and behavioral stress response to heat that negatively affected productivity. Providing shade for beef cattle was a suitable solution to decrease heat stress and to lower the negative effects of heat on performance, whereas misting was largely ineffective.
KW - Cattle
KW - Feedlots
KW - Heat Stress
KW - Shade
KW - Water
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035464517&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2527/2001.7992327x
DO - 10.2527/2001.7992327x
M3 - Article
C2 - 11583419
AN - SCOPUS:0035464517
VL - 79
SP - 2327
EP - 2335
JO - Journal of Animal Science
JF - Journal of Animal Science
SN - 0021-8812
IS - 9
ER -