TY - JOUR
T1 - Perceptual masking of drug stimuli
AU - Gauvin, David V.
AU - Young, Alice M.
PY - 1989
Y1 - 1989
N2 - Three separate drug‐discrimination experiments, using pigeon subjects, were designed to assess the modification of a morphine (MS) stimulus by d‐amphetamine (AMPH). Experiment 1 examined the drug mixture in a two‐choice discriminative procedure in three groups of subjects trained to one of three doses of MS (1.0, 3.2, or 10 mg/kg) vs. saline (SAL). Blockade of the MS stimulus by concomitant AMPH administration was training dose‐dependent. Complete blockade was found in the high‐MS (10 mg/kg) training dose (TD) group; partial blockade was found in the intermediate‐TD (3.2 mg/kg) group; and complete generalization was found in the low‐TD (1.0 mg/kg) group. Experiment 2 was designed to assess whether the MS‐AMPH mixture resulted in the creation of a functionally new stimulus. With a three‐choice drug‐discrimination procedure, two new groups were trained to discriminate between 3.2 mg/kg MS, SAL, and 1.8 mg/kg AMPH. Once training criteria were met, subjects were divided into two groups and one group's MS training dose was faded up to 10 mg/kg. Data clearly indicated that MS‐AMPH combinations did not produce novel stimuli. Experiment 3 was designed to assess the MS‐AMPH combinations in a three‐choice quantitative discrimination using 1.8 mg/kg MS vs. SAL vs. 10 mg/kg MS as discriminative stimuli. Data suggested that if masking does occur, it is a result of shifting the dose‐response function to the left (i.e., to a nondiscriminable dose). We conclude that perceptual masking of drug stimuli can occur, but the phenomenon seems dependent on training dose and/or drug and behavioral history.
AB - Three separate drug‐discrimination experiments, using pigeon subjects, were designed to assess the modification of a morphine (MS) stimulus by d‐amphetamine (AMPH). Experiment 1 examined the drug mixture in a two‐choice discriminative procedure in three groups of subjects trained to one of three doses of MS (1.0, 3.2, or 10 mg/kg) vs. saline (SAL). Blockade of the MS stimulus by concomitant AMPH administration was training dose‐dependent. Complete blockade was found in the high‐MS (10 mg/kg) training dose (TD) group; partial blockade was found in the intermediate‐TD (3.2 mg/kg) group; and complete generalization was found in the low‐TD (1.0 mg/kg) group. Experiment 2 was designed to assess whether the MS‐AMPH mixture resulted in the creation of a functionally new stimulus. With a three‐choice drug‐discrimination procedure, two new groups were trained to discriminate between 3.2 mg/kg MS, SAL, and 1.8 mg/kg AMPH. Once training criteria were met, subjects were divided into two groups and one group's MS training dose was faded up to 10 mg/kg. Data clearly indicated that MS‐AMPH combinations did not produce novel stimuli. Experiment 3 was designed to assess the MS‐AMPH combinations in a three‐choice quantitative discrimination using 1.8 mg/kg MS vs. SAL vs. 10 mg/kg MS as discriminative stimuli. Data suggested that if masking does occur, it is a result of shifting the dose‐response function to the left (i.e., to a nondiscriminable dose). We conclude that perceptual masking of drug stimuli can occur, but the phenomenon seems dependent on training dose and/or drug and behavioral history.
KW - amphetamine
KW - morphine
KW - “speedball”
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0024405724&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ddr.430160209
DO - 10.1002/ddr.430160209
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0024405724
SN - 0272-4391
VL - 16
SP - 151
EP - 162
JO - Drug Development Research
JF - Drug Development Research
IS - 2-4
ER -