Nanobiocatalysts for Industrial Applications

During the past several decades, various types of nanocarriers have been explored for the development of stable and reusable biocatalysts to improve traditional enzyme immobilization approaches. These include polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), magnetic NPs, nanofibers, and nanotubes, which offer high enzyme-loading efficacy due to large surface area, excellent diffusivity of solutes, and easy separation procedures from the reaction medium. These nanobiocatalysts show functional and structural stabilities at different temperatures and pH conditions compared to the free enzyme. They also retain significant catalytic activities after several days under different storage conditions. Thus, these nanobiocatalysts represent an attractive format of biocatalyst preparations for different industrial applications.