TY - JOUR
T1 - Mobile Doppler radar observations of a tornado in a supercell near Bassett, Nebraska, on 5 June 1999. Part I
T2 - Tornadogenesis
AU - Bluestein, Howard B.
AU - Weiss, Christopher C.
AU - Pazmany, Andrew L.
PY - 2003/12
Y1 - 2003/12
N2 - This two-part paper details an analysis of high-resolution wind and reflectivity data collected by a mobile, W-band Doppler radar: The dataset captures the near-surface life history of a tornado in a supercell in north-central Nebraska on 5 June 1999. The formation of the tornado vortex near the ground is described from a sequence of sector scans ranging from 30-s intervals prior to tornadogenesis to 10-15-s intervals during much of the lifetime of the tornado. Cyclonic vortices of 100-200 m width were found along a bow-shaped line of enhanced radar reflectivity, at what appears to have been the leading edge of a rear-flank gust front. At the time of tornadogenesis, one of these vortices was located just ahead of the nose of the bow-shaped radar echo and a jet, which were embedded within a larger-scale cyclone. At other times, small-scale cyclonic vortices coexisted with the tornado along an arc-shaped line extending to its north and northeast but did not appear to interact with the tornado. The evolution of all vortices and their associated reflectivity signatures was on a timescale shorter than 30 s, indicating that during tornadogenesis the flow pattern was highly unsteady. Mechanisms by which a smaller-scale vortex or vortices and a bow-shaped echo may have played a role in tornadogenesis are suggested. The structure of the tornado vortex near the ground, as a function of time, is discussed in Part II.
AB - This two-part paper details an analysis of high-resolution wind and reflectivity data collected by a mobile, W-band Doppler radar: The dataset captures the near-surface life history of a tornado in a supercell in north-central Nebraska on 5 June 1999. The formation of the tornado vortex near the ground is described from a sequence of sector scans ranging from 30-s intervals prior to tornadogenesis to 10-15-s intervals during much of the lifetime of the tornado. Cyclonic vortices of 100-200 m width were found along a bow-shaped line of enhanced radar reflectivity, at what appears to have been the leading edge of a rear-flank gust front. At the time of tornadogenesis, one of these vortices was located just ahead of the nose of the bow-shaped radar echo and a jet, which were embedded within a larger-scale cyclone. At other times, small-scale cyclonic vortices coexisted with the tornado along an arc-shaped line extending to its north and northeast but did not appear to interact with the tornado. The evolution of all vortices and their associated reflectivity signatures was on a timescale shorter than 30 s, indicating that during tornadogenesis the flow pattern was highly unsteady. Mechanisms by which a smaller-scale vortex or vortices and a bow-shaped echo may have played a role in tornadogenesis are suggested. The structure of the tornado vortex near the ground, as a function of time, is discussed in Part II.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0347285605&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131<2954:MDROOA>2.0.CO;2
DO - 10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131<2954:MDROOA>2.0.CO;2
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0347285605
SN - 0027-0644
VL - 131
SP - 2954
EP - 2967
JO - Monthly Weather Review
JF - Monthly Weather Review
IS - 12
ER -