TY - JOUR
T1 - Microwave synthesis of functionally graded tricalcium phosphate for osteoconduction
AU - Thomas, Donya
AU - Su, Siheng
AU - Qiu, Jingjing
AU - Pantoya, Michelle L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2016/12/1
Y1 - 2016/12/1
N2 - Porosity is an important parameter of biomaterials used to replace bone. Crystalline tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is a common ceramic used to substitute bone in small quantities and coat medical devices. Using microwave combustion synthesis (MCS) to provide volumetric heating of the reactant materials, along with varied urea to calcium phosphate concentration ratios, a porosity structure is synthesized. The microwave power provided 145 W and the reactants are exposed for 5 min. Results from in-situ IR thermal analysis show heating in two phases: initially (i.e., first 30 s) thermal energy is localized along the surface of the sample followed by (i.e., remaining 5 min) volumetric heating and MCS. The product material is confirmed to be tricalcium phosphate via FTIR analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show increased porosity with increased urea concentration. By controlling the concentration gradient in the reactant sample, the product material produced a tailored porosity gradient. Moreover, the MCS tricalcium phosphate is demonstrated to be biocompatible and does not affect cell proliferation by crystal violet tests. This study provides a new perspective on volumetric combustion synthesis by using weak microwave energy to facilitate the formation of a tailored TCP structure.
AB - Porosity is an important parameter of biomaterials used to replace bone. Crystalline tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is a common ceramic used to substitute bone in small quantities and coat medical devices. Using microwave combustion synthesis (MCS) to provide volumetric heating of the reactant materials, along with varied urea to calcium phosphate concentration ratios, a porosity structure is synthesized. The microwave power provided 145 W and the reactants are exposed for 5 min. Results from in-situ IR thermal analysis show heating in two phases: initially (i.e., first 30 s) thermal energy is localized along the surface of the sample followed by (i.e., remaining 5 min) volumetric heating and MCS. The product material is confirmed to be tricalcium phosphate via FTIR analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show increased porosity with increased urea concentration. By controlling the concentration gradient in the reactant sample, the product material produced a tailored porosity gradient. Moreover, the MCS tricalcium phosphate is demonstrated to be biocompatible and does not affect cell proliferation by crystal violet tests. This study provides a new perspective on volumetric combustion synthesis by using weak microwave energy to facilitate the formation of a tailored TCP structure.
KW - Bio-compatible
KW - Bone cement
KW - Crystal violet tests
KW - Microwave combustion synthesis
KW - Porosity
KW - Tricalcium phosphate
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84994718031&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2016.10.002
DO - 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2016.10.002
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84994718031
SN - 2352-4928
VL - 9
SP - 47
EP - 53
JO - Materials Today Communications
JF - Materials Today Communications
ER -