TY - JOUR
T1 - Measuring fundamental jet properties with multiwavelength fast timing of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
AU - Tetarenko, A. J.
AU - Casella, P.
AU - Miller-Jones, J. C.A.
AU - Sivakoff, G. R.
AU - Paice, J. A.
AU - Vincentelli, F. M.
AU - Maccarone, T. J.
AU - Gandhi, P.
AU - Dhillon, V. S.
AU - Marsh, T. R.
AU - Russell, T. D.
AU - Uttley, P.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s).
PY - 2021/7/1
Y1 - 2021/7/1
N2 - We present multiwavelength fast timing observations of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 (ASASSN-18ey), taken with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-Millimeter Array (ALMA), Very Large Telescope (VLT), New Technology Telescope (NTT), Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), and XMM-Newton. Our data set simultaneously samples 10 different electromagnetic bands (radio - X-ray) over a 7-h period during the hard state of the 2018-2019 outburst. The emission we observe is highly variable, displaying multiple rapid flaring episodes. To characterize the variability properties in our data, we implemented a combination of cross-correlation and Fourier analyses. We find that the emission is highly correlated between different bands, measuring time-lags ranging from hundreds of milliseconds between the X-ray/optical bands to minutes between the radio/sub-mm bands. Our Fourier analysis also revealed, for the first time in a black hole X-ray binary, an evolving power spectral shape with electromagnetic frequency. Through modelling these variability properties, we find that MAXI J1820+070 launches a highly relativistic (Gamma =6.81 +1.06 -1.15}$) and confined (phi =0.45 +0.13 -0.11 deg) jet, which is carrying a significant amount of power away from the system (equivalent to sim 0.6 , L-{1-100{rm keV}). We additionally place constraints on the jet composition and magnetic field strength in the innermost jet base region. Overall, this work demonstrates that time-domain analysis is a powerful diagnostic tool for probing jet physics, where we can accurately measure jet properties with time-domain measurements alone.
AB - We present multiwavelength fast timing observations of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 (ASASSN-18ey), taken with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-Millimeter Array (ALMA), Very Large Telescope (VLT), New Technology Telescope (NTT), Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), and XMM-Newton. Our data set simultaneously samples 10 different electromagnetic bands (radio - X-ray) over a 7-h period during the hard state of the 2018-2019 outburst. The emission we observe is highly variable, displaying multiple rapid flaring episodes. To characterize the variability properties in our data, we implemented a combination of cross-correlation and Fourier analyses. We find that the emission is highly correlated between different bands, measuring time-lags ranging from hundreds of milliseconds between the X-ray/optical bands to minutes between the radio/sub-mm bands. Our Fourier analysis also revealed, for the first time in a black hole X-ray binary, an evolving power spectral shape with electromagnetic frequency. Through modelling these variability properties, we find that MAXI J1820+070 launches a highly relativistic (Gamma =6.81 +1.06 -1.15}$) and confined (phi =0.45 +0.13 -0.11 deg) jet, which is carrying a significant amount of power away from the system (equivalent to sim 0.6 , L-{1-100{rm keV}). We additionally place constraints on the jet composition and magnetic field strength in the innermost jet base region. Overall, this work demonstrates that time-domain analysis is a powerful diagnostic tool for probing jet physics, where we can accurately measure jet properties with time-domain measurements alone.
KW - ASASSN-18ey
KW - ISM: jets and outflows
KW - X-rays: binaries
KW - black hole physics
KW - radio continuum: stars
KW - stars: individual: MAXI J1820+070
KW - submillimetre: stars
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85114136130&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stab820
DO - 10.1093/mnras/stab820
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85114136130
SN - 0035-8711
VL - 504
SP - 3862
EP - 3883
JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
IS - 3
ER -