IPTF 16asu: A Luminous, Rapidly Evolving, and High-velocity Supernova

L. Whitesides; R. Lunnan; M. M. Kasliwal; D. A. Perley; A. Corsi; S. B. Cenko; N. Blagorodnova; Y. Cao; D. O. Cook; G. B. Doran; D. D. Frederiks; C. Fremling; K. Hurley; E. Karamehmetoglu; S. R. Kulkarni; G. Leloudas; F. Masci; P. E. Nugent; A. Ritter; A. Rubin; V. Savchenko; J. Sollerman; D. S. Svinkin; F. Taddia; P. Vreeswijk; P. Wozniak

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa99de

IPTF 16asu: A Luminous, Rapidly Evolving, and High-velocity Supernova

L. Whitesides, R. Lunnan, M. M. Kasliwal, D. A. Perley, A. Corsi, S. B. Cenko, N. Blagorodnova, Y. Cao, D. O. Cook, G. B. Doran, D. D. Frederiks, C. Fremling, K. Hurley, E. Karamehmetoglu, S. R. Kulkarni, G. Leloudas, F. Masci, P. E. Nugent, A. Ritter, A. RubinV. Savchenko, J. Sollerman, D. S. Svinkin, F. Taddia, P. Vreeswijk, P. Wozniak

Physics

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Abstract

Wide-field surveys are discovering a growing number of rare transients whose physical origin is not yet well understood. Here we present optical and UV data and analysis of intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) 16asu, a luminous, rapidly evolving, high-velocity, stripped-envelope supernova (SN). With a rest-frame rise time of just four days and a peak absolute magnitude of M_g = -20.4 mag, the light curve of iPTF 16asu is faster and more luminous than that of previous rapid transients. The spectra of iPTF 16asu show a featureless blue continuum near peak that develops into an SN Ic-BL spectrum on the decline. We show that while the late-time light curve could plausibly be powered by ⁵⁶Ni decay, the early emission requires a different energy source. Nondetections in the X-ray and radio strongly constrain the energy coupled to relativistic ejecta to be at most comparable to the class of low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We suggest that the early emission may have been powered by either a rapidly spinning-down magnetar or by shock breakout in an extended envelope of a very energetic explosion. In either scenario a central engine is required, making iPTF 16asu an intriguing transition object between superluminous SNe, SNe Ic-BL, and low-luminosity GRBs.

Original language	English
Article number	107
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	851
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa99de
State	Published - Dec 20 2017

Keywords

gamma-ray burst: general
shock waves
stars: magnetars
supernovae: general
supernovae: individual (iPTF 16asu)

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10.3847/1538-4357/aa99de

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Whitesides, L., Lunnan, R., Kasliwal, M. M., Perley, D. A., Corsi, A., Cenko, S. B., Blagorodnova, N., Cao, Y., Cook, D. O., Doran, G. B., Frederiks, D. D., Fremling, C., Hurley, K., Karamehmetoglu, E., Kulkarni, S. R., Leloudas, G., Masci, F., Nugent, P. E., Ritter, A., ... Wozniak, P. (2017). IPTF 16asu: A Luminous, Rapidly Evolving, and High-velocity Supernova. Astrophysical Journal, 851(2), Article 107. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa99de

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abstract = "Wide-field surveys are discovering a growing number of rare transients whose physical origin is not yet well understood. Here we present optical and UV data and analysis of intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) 16asu, a luminous, rapidly evolving, high-velocity, stripped-envelope supernova (SN). With a rest-frame rise time of just four days and a peak absolute magnitude of Mg = -20.4 mag, the light curve of iPTF 16asu is faster and more luminous than that of previous rapid transients. The spectra of iPTF 16asu show a featureless blue continuum near peak that develops into an SN Ic-BL spectrum on the decline. We show that while the late-time light curve could plausibly be powered by 56Ni decay, the early emission requires a different energy source. Nondetections in the X-ray and radio strongly constrain the energy coupled to relativistic ejecta to be at most comparable to the class of low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We suggest that the early emission may have been powered by either a rapidly spinning-down magnetar or by shock breakout in an extended envelope of a very energetic explosion. In either scenario a central engine is required, making iPTF 16asu an intriguing transition object between superluminous SNe, SNe Ic-BL, and low-luminosity GRBs.",

keywords = "gamma-ray burst: general, shock waves, stars: magnetars, supernovae: general, supernovae: individual (iPTF 16asu)",

author = "L. Whitesides and R. Lunnan and Kasliwal, {M. M.} and Perley, {D. A.} and A. Corsi and Cenko, {S. B.} and N. Blagorodnova and Y. Cao and Cook, {D. O.} and Doran, {G. B.} and Frederiks, {D. D.} and C. Fremling and K. Hurley and E. Karamehmetoglu and Kulkarni, {S. R.} and G. Leloudas and F. Masci and Nugent, {P. E.} and A. Ritter and A. Rubin and V. Savchenko and J. Sollerman and Svinkin, {D. S.} and F. Taddia and P. Vreeswijk and P. Wozniak",

year = "2017",

month = dec,

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Whitesides, L, Lunnan, R, Kasliwal, MM, Perley, DA, Corsi, A, Cenko, SB, Blagorodnova, N, Cao, Y, Cook, DO, Doran, GB, Frederiks, DD, Fremling, C, Hurley, K, Karamehmetoglu, E, Kulkarni, SR, Leloudas, G, Masci, F, Nugent, PE, Ritter, A, Rubin, A, Savchenko, V, Sollerman, J, Svinkin, DS, Taddia, F, Vreeswijk, P & Wozniak, P 2017, 'IPTF 16asu: A Luminous, Rapidly Evolving, and High-velocity Supernova', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 851, no. 2, 107. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa99de

TY - JOUR

T1 - IPTF 16asu

T2 - A Luminous, Rapidly Evolving, and High-velocity Supernova

AU - Whitesides, L.

AU - Lunnan, R.

AU - Kasliwal, M. M.

AU - Perley, D. A.

AU - Corsi, A.

AU - Cenko, S. B.

AU - Blagorodnova, N.

AU - Cao, Y.

AU - Cook, D. O.

AU - Doran, G. B.

AU - Frederiks, D. D.

AU - Fremling, C.

AU - Hurley, K.

AU - Karamehmetoglu, E.

AU - Kulkarni, S. R.

AU - Leloudas, G.

AU - Masci, F.

AU - Nugent, P. E.

AU - Ritter, A.

AU - Rubin, A.

AU - Savchenko, V.

AU - Sollerman, J.

AU - Svinkin, D. S.

AU - Taddia, F.

AU - Vreeswijk, P.

AU - Wozniak, P.

PY - 2017/12/20

Y1 - 2017/12/20

N2 - Wide-field surveys are discovering a growing number of rare transients whose physical origin is not yet well understood. Here we present optical and UV data and analysis of intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) 16asu, a luminous, rapidly evolving, high-velocity, stripped-envelope supernova (SN). With a rest-frame rise time of just four days and a peak absolute magnitude of Mg = -20.4 mag, the light curve of iPTF 16asu is faster and more luminous than that of previous rapid transients. The spectra of iPTF 16asu show a featureless blue continuum near peak that develops into an SN Ic-BL spectrum on the decline. We show that while the late-time light curve could plausibly be powered by 56Ni decay, the early emission requires a different energy source. Nondetections in the X-ray and radio strongly constrain the energy coupled to relativistic ejecta to be at most comparable to the class of low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We suggest that the early emission may have been powered by either a rapidly spinning-down magnetar or by shock breakout in an extended envelope of a very energetic explosion. In either scenario a central engine is required, making iPTF 16asu an intriguing transition object between superluminous SNe, SNe Ic-BL, and low-luminosity GRBs.

AB - Wide-field surveys are discovering a growing number of rare transients whose physical origin is not yet well understood. Here we present optical and UV data and analysis of intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) 16asu, a luminous, rapidly evolving, high-velocity, stripped-envelope supernova (SN). With a rest-frame rise time of just four days and a peak absolute magnitude of Mg = -20.4 mag, the light curve of iPTF 16asu is faster and more luminous than that of previous rapid transients. The spectra of iPTF 16asu show a featureless blue continuum near peak that develops into an SN Ic-BL spectrum on the decline. We show that while the late-time light curve could plausibly be powered by 56Ni decay, the early emission requires a different energy source. Nondetections in the X-ray and radio strongly constrain the energy coupled to relativistic ejecta to be at most comparable to the class of low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We suggest that the early emission may have been powered by either a rapidly spinning-down magnetar or by shock breakout in an extended envelope of a very energetic explosion. In either scenario a central engine is required, making iPTF 16asu an intriguing transition object between superluminous SNe, SNe Ic-BL, and low-luminosity GRBs.

KW - gamma-ray burst: general

KW - shock waves

KW - stars: magnetars

KW - supernovae: general

KW - supernovae: individual (iPTF 16asu)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85039703164&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/aa99de

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/aa99de

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85039703164

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 851

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 107

ER -

IPTF 16asu: A Luminous, Rapidly Evolving, and High-velocity Supernova

Abstract

Keywords

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