Ionic transport and dielectric properties in NaNbO₃ under high pressure

The ionic transport and dielectric behaviors in NaNbO₃ were studied under pressures up to 29.1 GPa by in situ impedance spectroscopy measurements. The transport process consists of the ionic transfer and the Warburg diffusion process between sample/electrode diffusion layers. A dielectric relaxation with a giant dielectric constant at low frequencies is observed, which is attributed to the "Maxwell-Wagner" interfacial polarization. In the Pbcm phase, the increase in the interaction between the Na⁺ ions and the NbO₆ octahedra results in the enhancement of vibration resonance damping. In the high-pressure phases, the decrease in the relative permittivity with pressure indicates the existence of space charge polarization of the interface layer besides the ionic polarization.