TY - JOUR
T1 - Green tea polyphenols and 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 attenuate chronic inflammation-induced myocardial fibrosis in female rats
AU - Shen, Chwan Li
AU - Samathanam, Christina
AU - Graham, Suzanne
AU - Dagda, Raul Y.
AU - Chyu, Ming Chien
AU - Dunn, Dale M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants-in-aid for scientific research (B), 15H04592 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology .
PY - 2012/3/1
Y1 - 2012/3/1
N2 - Studies have suggested that 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are promising dietary supplements for mitigating chronic inflammation-induced fibrosis of vessels because of their anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated (1) the impact of 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 on myocardial fibrosis in female rats with chronic inflammation and (2) if 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and GTPs have an additive or synergistic effect to attenuate myocardial fibrosis in these female rats. A 3-month study of a 2 (no 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 vs. 0.05 μg/kg 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3, five times per week)×2 (no GTPs vs. 0.5% GTPs in drinking water) factorial design in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-administered female rats was performed. Additionally, a group receiving placebo administration was used to compare with a group receiving LPS administration only to evaluate the effect of LPS. Masson's Trichrome staining evaluated myocardial fibrosis in coronary vessels and surrounding myocardium. Spleen cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Total lipid profiles were also determined. Whole blood was used for differential cell counts. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance followed by mean separation procedures. At 3 months LPS administration induced myocardial fibrosis in vessels and surrounding myocardium, spleen cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression, and elevated leukocyte counts, whereas both 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 administration and GTPs supplementation significantly attenuated these pro-inflammatory events. The inhibitory effects of 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and GTPs seem to be an individual effect, instead of an additive or synergistic effect. 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and GTPs lowered red blood cell counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin. Neither 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 nor GTPs affected lipid profiles. In summary, both 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 administration and GTPs supplementation mitigate myocardial fibrosis through suppression of a chronic inflammation innate immune response.
AB - Studies have suggested that 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are promising dietary supplements for mitigating chronic inflammation-induced fibrosis of vessels because of their anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated (1) the impact of 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 on myocardial fibrosis in female rats with chronic inflammation and (2) if 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and GTPs have an additive or synergistic effect to attenuate myocardial fibrosis in these female rats. A 3-month study of a 2 (no 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 vs. 0.05 μg/kg 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3, five times per week)×2 (no GTPs vs. 0.5% GTPs in drinking water) factorial design in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-administered female rats was performed. Additionally, a group receiving placebo administration was used to compare with a group receiving LPS administration only to evaluate the effect of LPS. Masson's Trichrome staining evaluated myocardial fibrosis in coronary vessels and surrounding myocardium. Spleen cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Total lipid profiles were also determined. Whole blood was used for differential cell counts. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance followed by mean separation procedures. At 3 months LPS administration induced myocardial fibrosis in vessels and surrounding myocardium, spleen cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression, and elevated leukocyte counts, whereas both 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 administration and GTPs supplementation significantly attenuated these pro-inflammatory events. The inhibitory effects of 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and GTPs seem to be an individual effect, instead of an additive or synergistic effect. 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 and GTPs lowered red blood cell counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin. Neither 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 nor GTPs affected lipid profiles. In summary, both 1-α-OH-vitamin D 3 administration and GTPs supplementation mitigate myocardial fibrosis through suppression of a chronic inflammation innate immune response.
KW - Alphacalcidol
KW - Inflammation
KW - Innate immune response
KW - Tea
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84857564379&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/jmf.2011.0163
DO - 10.1089/jmf.2011.0163
M3 - Article
C2 - 22181074
AN - SCOPUS:84857564379
VL - 15
SP - 269
EP - 277
JO - Journal of Medicinal Food
JF - Journal of Medicinal Food
SN - 1096-620X
IS - 3
ER -