TY - CHAP
T1 - Green Tea and other Fruit Polyphenols Attenuate Deterioration of Bone Microarchitecture
AU - Shen, Chwan Li
AU - Mo, Huanbiao
AU - Smith, Brenda J.
AU - Chen, Chung Hwan
AU - Chen, Lixia
AU - Chyu, Ming Chien
AU - Kwun, In Sook
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (R21- AT003735, U01-AT006691) and Laura W. Bush Institute for Women’ Health (C.L.S.), Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant 2009-02941 from the US Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture (H.M.), National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine of the National Institutes of Health (R21-AT006580) (B.J.S.), and National Research Foundation of South Korea (NRF-2008-220-F00013 and NRF-2011-0014535) (I.S.K). The contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NCCAM or the National Institutes of Health.
PY - 2013/11
Y1 - 2013/11
N2 - Osteoporosis, characterized by loss of bone matrix and deterioration of bone microstructure, leads to an increased risk of fractures. Cross-sectional studies have shown correlations between the consumption of dietary antioxidant polyphenols derived from green tea and fruits and higher bone mineral density. In this chapter, we evaluated the potential osteo-protective impacts of green tea polyphenols, dried plum polyphenols, citrus flavonoids, berry fruits polyphenols, resveratrol, piceatannol, and apple polyphenols in animal studies with a focus on potential mitigation of bone loss and microarchitectural deterioration. Collectively, these animal studies strongly suggest that antioxidant-rich green tea and fruit polyphenols increase bone formation and inhibit bone resorption and consequently, have a pronounced impact on bone mass, microstructure, and bone strength in animals; the latter effects were demonstrated by higher bone mass, trabecular bone volume, number, and thickness, and lower trabecular separation. Such protection may be attributed to the green tea and fruit polyphenols' ability to increase antioxidant capacity, suppress inflammation in bone environment, and modulate the signaling molecules regulating osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. The lack of randomized controlled trials presents opportunities to verify the clinical relevancy of osteo-protection of green tea and fruit polyphenols as well as challenges to differentiate the roles of these polyphenols from those of other green tea- and fruit-derived constituents and metabolites in bone protection. Advanced imaging technology will help determine the effective doses of green tea and fruit polyphenols in improving bone mass, microarchitecture, and strength, a critical step in translating the benefits of fruit consumption in osteoporosis prevention from animals to into clinic.
AB - Osteoporosis, characterized by loss of bone matrix and deterioration of bone microstructure, leads to an increased risk of fractures. Cross-sectional studies have shown correlations between the consumption of dietary antioxidant polyphenols derived from green tea and fruits and higher bone mineral density. In this chapter, we evaluated the potential osteo-protective impacts of green tea polyphenols, dried plum polyphenols, citrus flavonoids, berry fruits polyphenols, resveratrol, piceatannol, and apple polyphenols in animal studies with a focus on potential mitigation of bone loss and microarchitectural deterioration. Collectively, these animal studies strongly suggest that antioxidant-rich green tea and fruit polyphenols increase bone formation and inhibit bone resorption and consequently, have a pronounced impact on bone mass, microstructure, and bone strength in animals; the latter effects were demonstrated by higher bone mass, trabecular bone volume, number, and thickness, and lower trabecular separation. Such protection may be attributed to the green tea and fruit polyphenols' ability to increase antioxidant capacity, suppress inflammation in bone environment, and modulate the signaling molecules regulating osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. The lack of randomized controlled trials presents opportunities to verify the clinical relevancy of osteo-protection of green tea and fruit polyphenols as well as challenges to differentiate the roles of these polyphenols from those of other green tea- and fruit-derived constituents and metabolites in bone protection. Advanced imaging technology will help determine the effective doses of green tea and fruit polyphenols in improving bone mass, microarchitecture, and strength, a critical step in translating the benefits of fruit consumption in osteoporosis prevention from animals to into clinic.
KW - Antioxidant
KW - Bone microstructure
KW - Bone mineral density
KW - Fruit polyphenols
KW - Green tea
KW - Molecular mechanism
KW - Osteoporosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84902557803&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-398456-2.00052-9
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-398456-2.00052-9
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84902557803
SN - 9780123984562
VL - 1
SP - 681
EP - 693
BT - Polyphenols in Chronic Diseases and their Mechanisms of Action
PB - Elsevier Inc.
ER -