TY - JOUR
T1 - Energization of interstellar media and cosmic ray production by jets from X-ray binaries
AU - Fender, R. P.
AU - Maccarone, T. J.
AU - Van Kesteren, Z.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2005/7/1
Y1 - 2005/7/1
N2 - Drawing on recent estimates of the power of jets from X-ray binary systems as a function of X-ray luminosity, combined with improved estimates of the relevant log(N)-log(L x) luminosity functions, we calculate the total energy input to the interstellar medium (ISM) from these objects. The input of kinetic energy to the ISM via jets is dominated by those of the black hole systems, in contrast to the radiative input, which is dominated by accreting neutron stars. Summing the energy input from black hole jets L j in the Milky Way, we find that it is likely to correspond to ≥1 per cent of L SNe, the time-averaged kinetic luminosity of supernovae, and ≥5 per cent of L CR, the cosmic ray luminosity. Given uncertainties in jet power estimates, significantly larger contributions are possible. Furthermore, in elliptical galaxies with comparable distributions of low mass X-ray binaries, but far fewer supernovae, the ratio L J/L SNe is likely to be larger by a factor of ∼5. We conclude that jets from X-ray binaries may be an important, distributed, source of kinetic energy for the ISM in the form of relativistic shocks, and as a result are likely to be a major source of cosmic rays.
AB - Drawing on recent estimates of the power of jets from X-ray binary systems as a function of X-ray luminosity, combined with improved estimates of the relevant log(N)-log(L x) luminosity functions, we calculate the total energy input to the interstellar medium (ISM) from these objects. The input of kinetic energy to the ISM via jets is dominated by those of the black hole systems, in contrast to the radiative input, which is dominated by accreting neutron stars. Summing the energy input from black hole jets L j in the Milky Way, we find that it is likely to correspond to ≥1 per cent of L SNe, the time-averaged kinetic luminosity of supernovae, and ≥5 per cent of L CR, the cosmic ray luminosity. Given uncertainties in jet power estimates, significantly larger contributions are possible. Furthermore, in elliptical galaxies with comparable distributions of low mass X-ray binaries, but far fewer supernovae, the ratio L J/L SNe is likely to be larger by a factor of ∼5. We conclude that jets from X-ray binaries may be an important, distributed, source of kinetic energy for the ISM in the form of relativistic shocks, and as a result are likely to be a major source of cosmic rays.
KW - Binaries: close
KW - Black hole physics
KW - ISM: jets and outflows
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=22144435915&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09098.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09098.x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:22144435915
VL - 360
SP - 1085
EP - 1090
JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
SN - 0035-8711
IS - 3
ER -