@article{8123e629bed848d6ad0bb28723b8c2ce,
title = "Detection of muons with a lead/scintillating-fiber calorimeter",
abstract = "We report on an experimental study of the signals from high-energy (5-225 GeV) muons traversing a 9.5 interaction lengths deep electromagnetic/hadronic calorimeter consisting of lead and scintillating plastic fibers, constructed at CERN in the framework of the LAA project. The muons lose on average between 2.6 GeV (at 5 GeV) and 8.8 GeV (at 225 GeV) in this process. This energy loss can be measured with a precision of a fraction of a GeV in most of the events. Accuracy in the energy loss measurements is important since the rms spread in the energy loss of muons traversing this calorimeter is not smaller than ∼6% at any energy. The nominal calibration constants, derived from the calorimeter response to electromagnetic showers, are found to be incorrect for the muon signals. On average, these calibration constants are between 40% (for low energy muons) and 15% (high energy) too high. The fiber bunches sticking out of the back plane of the calorimeter for readout purposes cause the muon signals to be position dependent. This can cause an anomalous enhancement of the muon signal of up to 35%. A moderate position resolution of ∼ 1 cm is sufficient to correct for this effect. The e/mip ratio was found to be 0.72±0.03.",
author = "D. Acosta and S. Buontempo and L. Cal{\^o}ba and R. DeSalvo and A. Ereditato and R. Ferrari and G. Fumagalli and G. Goggi and W. Hao and A. Henriques and L. Linssen and M. Livan and A. Maio and Mondardini, {M. R.} and B. Ong and Paar, {H. P.} and F. Pastore and E. Pennacchio and L. Poggioli and G. Polesello and F. Riccardi and A. Rimoldi and Scheel, {C. V.} and Seixas, {J. M.} and A. Simon and M. Sivertz and P. Sonderegger and Souza, {M. N.} and Thom{\'e}, {Z. D.} and V. Vercesi and Y. Wang and R. Wigmans and C. Xu",
note = "Funding Information: We are deeply grateful to the LAA Project Leader, Prof. A. Zichichi, for his vision, his warm interest and his encouraging support. We thank our colleagues from the UA2 Group, and in particular P. Jenni and L. Mapelli, who helped us in many ways, in particular when running the beam tests. The work described fh this paper would have been impossible without the outstanding technical support provided byour techni- cians O. Barnaba, C. Baudoin, M. Borriello, S. Bricola, J.-M. Chapuis, C. Farella, B. Foligne, A. Freddi, G. Improta, G. Iuvino, F. Pagano, S. Robinson, R. Rocco, L. Rose-Dulcina, G. Sannier, C. Schillinger, A. Sigrist and V. Vanzanella . Financial support from the Stich- ting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie to the NIKHEF group, from the Istituto Nazionale di Fisiea Nucleare to the Cagliari, Napoli and Pavia groups, from the Junta Natoional de Investiga{\c c}ao Cientifica of Portugal to the Lisbon group, from the Conselho Na- cional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico of Brazil to thcRio de Janeiro group, and from the U.S. Department of Energy and National Science Founda- tion to the San Diego group is acknowledged. Two of us (S .B . and F.R .) would like to thank the Digital Equipment Corporation for support. And finally, we are grateful to the staff of the SPS, and in particular to N. Doble, for the excellent beam conditions and assis- tance provided during our tests.",
year = "1992",
month = aug,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1016/0168-9002(92)90772-V",
language = "English",
volume = "320",
pages = "128--143",
journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",
issn = "0168-9002",
number = "1-2",
}