TY - JOUR
T1 - Critical phenomena in microgravity
T2 - Past, present, and future
AU - Barmatz, M.
AU - Hahn, Inseob
AU - Lipa, J. A.
AU - Duncan, R. V.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - This review provides an overview of the progress in using the low-gravity environment of space to explore critical phenomena and test modern theoretical predictions. Gravity-induced variations in the hydrostatic pressure and the resulting density gradients adversely affect ground-based measurements near fluid critical points. Performing measurements in a low-gravity environment can significantly reduce these difficulties. A number of significant experiments have been performed in low-Earth orbit. Experiments near the lambda transition in liquid helium explored the regime of large correlation lengths and tested the theoretical predictions to a level of precision that could not be obtained on Earth. Other studies have validated theoretical predictions for the divergence in the viscosity as well as the unexpected critical speeding up of the thermal equilibrium process in pure fluids near the liquid-gas critical point. We describe the scientific content of previously flown low-gravity investigations of critical phenomena as well as those in the development stage, and associated ground-based work.
AB - This review provides an overview of the progress in using the low-gravity environment of space to explore critical phenomena and test modern theoretical predictions. Gravity-induced variations in the hydrostatic pressure and the resulting density gradients adversely affect ground-based measurements near fluid critical points. Performing measurements in a low-gravity environment can significantly reduce these difficulties. A number of significant experiments have been performed in low-Earth orbit. Experiments near the lambda transition in liquid helium explored the regime of large correlation lengths and tested the theoretical predictions to a level of precision that could not be obtained on Earth. Other studies have validated theoretical predictions for the divergence in the viscosity as well as the unexpected critical speeding up of the thermal equilibrium process in pure fluids near the liquid-gas critical point. We describe the scientific content of previously flown low-gravity investigations of critical phenomena as well as those in the development stage, and associated ground-based work.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33846400070&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1
DO - 10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:33846400070
VL - 79
SP - 1
EP - 52
JO - Reviews of Modern Physics
JF - Reviews of Modern Physics
SN - 0034-6861
IS - 1
ER -