Are you in, or are you out? Implications of inclusion criteria in sexual minority health disparities research

Those who identify as sexual minorities are found to be at a heightened risk for problematic health outcomes, including substance use. Sexual minority identities are concealable, are multidimensional, exist on a continuum, and develop fluidly. Together, these factors are important predictors of health outcomes, yet they have been neglected in the process of sample identification in health disparity research. Inclusion criteria employed when identifying samples affects research findings and potentially biases results when crucial factors are neglected. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult (Add Health), we identified four samples of sexual minorities (i.e., broad self-identified, broad multidimensional, narrow self-identified, and narrow multidimensional) based on the continuum of self-identification and multidimensional factors, and we examined a trajectory of binge drinking predicted by various relevant factors. When we defined the samples using different inclu