TY - JOUR
T1 - Activation of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway reveals a novel action mechanism of the elicitor effect of chitosan on avocado fruit epicarp
AU - Xoca-Orozco, Luis Ángel
AU - Aguilera-Aguirre, Selene
AU - Vega-Arreguín, Julio
AU - Acevedo-Hernández, Gustavo
AU - Tovar-Pérez, Erik
AU - Stoll, Alexandra
AU - Herrera-Estrella, Luis
AU - Chacón-López, Alejandra
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/7
Y1 - 2019/7
N2 - Secondary metabolites play an important role in the avocado fruit defense system. Phenolic compounds are the main biosynthesized metabolites of this system response. Our objective in this investigation was to evaluate the induction of specific metabolic pathways using chitosan as an elicitor. Extracts obtained from avocado in intermediate and consumption maturity stages treated with chitosan exhibited an increase in antifungal activity, which caused inhibition of mycelial growth and a decrease in sporulation as well as spore germination of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Additionally, RNA from epicarp of the fruits treated and untreated with chitosan was obtained in order to evaluate the expression of genes related to phenylpropanoids and the antifungal compound 1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-heneicosa-12,15-diene biosynthesis. An increased in gene expression of genes that participate sin the phenylpropanoid s route was observed during the stage of physiological fruit maturity, other s genes such as Flavonol synthase (Fls), increased only in samples obtained from fruit treated with chitosan at consumption maturity. Our results reveal a new molecular mechanism where chitosan induces a specific accumulation of phenylpropanoids and antifungal diene; this partially explains avocado's resistance against fungal pathogens. Finally, we discuss the molecular connections between chitosan induction and gene expression to explain the biological events that orchestrate the resistance pathways in fruits.
AB - Secondary metabolites play an important role in the avocado fruit defense system. Phenolic compounds are the main biosynthesized metabolites of this system response. Our objective in this investigation was to evaluate the induction of specific metabolic pathways using chitosan as an elicitor. Extracts obtained from avocado in intermediate and consumption maturity stages treated with chitosan exhibited an increase in antifungal activity, which caused inhibition of mycelial growth and a decrease in sporulation as well as spore germination of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Additionally, RNA from epicarp of the fruits treated and untreated with chitosan was obtained in order to evaluate the expression of genes related to phenylpropanoids and the antifungal compound 1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-heneicosa-12,15-diene biosynthesis. An increased in gene expression of genes that participate sin the phenylpropanoid s route was observed during the stage of physiological fruit maturity, other s genes such as Flavonol synthase (Fls), increased only in samples obtained from fruit treated with chitosan at consumption maturity. Our results reveal a new molecular mechanism where chitosan induces a specific accumulation of phenylpropanoids and antifungal diene; this partially explains avocado's resistance against fungal pathogens. Finally, we discuss the molecular connections between chitosan induction and gene expression to explain the biological events that orchestrate the resistance pathways in fruits.
KW - Antifungal diene
KW - Avocado fruit
KW - C. gloeosporioides
KW - Chitosan elicitor
KW - Molecular mechanism
KW - Persin
KW - Phenylpropanoids
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85060282355&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.023
DO - 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.023
M3 - Article
C2 - 31108785
AN - SCOPUS:85060282355
SN - 0963-9969
VL - 121
SP - 586
EP - 592
JO - Food Research International
JF - Food Research International
ER -