A multi-level process view of new-venture emergence: Impressive first step toward a model

Ford and Sullivan's piece makes a unique contribution to entrepreneurship studies, with the greatest being their multi-level, "bottom-up" theorizing about the process. These authors' focus is limited to one level during each temporal phase. To be consistent with enactment theory, this process should address the recursive nature between the micro (individual) and macro (team and venture) levels throughout the entrepreneurship process. Specifically, the individual level is relevant throughout the process. This commentary offers three mechanisms to link the micro and macro levels: situational, action formation, and transformation. The current work is not intended to diminish Ford and Sullivan's work; indeed, multi-level theorizing is messy and theirs is an ambitious first step.