TY - JOUR
T1 - A mm-wave stub-loaded ECPW Wilkinson power divider/combiner in 90 nm CMOS
AU - Kuo, Chueh Yu
AU - Chen, Austin Ying Kuang
AU - Li, Changzhi
AU - Luo, Ching Hsing
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - This letter presents a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) slow-wave elevated coplanar waveguide (ECPW) power divider/combiner fabricated in the back-end-of-the-line (BEOL) of a 90 nm CMOS technology. Design techniques using periodical loading stubs and elevated signal conductors are applied toward the CPWs that enable i) an aggressive size-reduction by increasing the artificial effective dielectric constant (εeff) ii) realization of high-impedance transmission lines at mm-wave. The measurement results reveal that the insertion loss is 2.3 and 2.4 dB at 60 and 67 GHz, respectively. The measured isolation of over 13 dB is observed from 59 GHz to at least 110 GHz. The divider also achieves an excellent amplitude imbalance and phase imbalance of less than 0.16 dB and less than 0.45°, respectively, up to 67 GHz (limited by test setup). The core size of the proposed divider is only 205 μm × 250 μm (0.051 mm2) equivalent to a size-reduction of over 70% compared to a conventional Wilkinson power divider. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first Wilkinson power divider/combiner that has demonstrated the highest operating frequency characterized among all other known semiconductor technologies reported.
AB - This letter presents a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) slow-wave elevated coplanar waveguide (ECPW) power divider/combiner fabricated in the back-end-of-the-line (BEOL) of a 90 nm CMOS technology. Design techniques using periodical loading stubs and elevated signal conductors are applied toward the CPWs that enable i) an aggressive size-reduction by increasing the artificial effective dielectric constant (εeff) ii) realization of high-impedance transmission lines at mm-wave. The measurement results reveal that the insertion loss is 2.3 and 2.4 dB at 60 and 67 GHz, respectively. The measured isolation of over 13 dB is observed from 59 GHz to at least 110 GHz. The divider also achieves an excellent amplitude imbalance and phase imbalance of less than 0.16 dB and less than 0.45°, respectively, up to 67 GHz (limited by test setup). The core size of the proposed divider is only 205 μm × 250 μm (0.051 mm2) equivalent to a size-reduction of over 70% compared to a conventional Wilkinson power divider. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first Wilkinson power divider/combiner that has demonstrated the highest operating frequency characterized among all other known semiconductor technologies reported.
KW - CMOS
KW - Wilkinson power divider/combiner
KW - elevated CPW
KW - millimeter-wave (mm- wave)
KW - slow-wave (SW)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84880467744&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/LMWC.2012.2226937
DO - 10.1109/LMWC.2012.2226937
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84880467744
VL - 22
SP - 627
EP - 629
JO - IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters
JF - IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters
SN - 1531-1309
IS - 12
M1 - 2226937
ER -